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I
find it strange that so many international journalists
who do such stories out of India (and possibly
other "Third World" countries) rarely
interview even well-known women's/feminist organisations/activists
here who have been consistently working on dowry-related
and other forms of violence against women for
at least a couple of decades.
It
would appear from this story that there has been
no public protest and/or campaign, no legal/legislative
activism, no research/documentation, no effort
to improve official responses, no support services
for victims, etc., etc., and that no one other
than individual heroines like Nisha Sharma
who have caught the media's attention is
doing anything at all to try and deal with the
problem in different ways and at different levels.
The one activist who has been interviewed is presented
without any details about her work in the field
and is quoted solely on her personal decision
(not to attend weddings). Further, the story implies
that individual rebellions (like Nisha Sharma's)
strengthen social/political activism (like Ranjana
Kumari's) rather than the other way around.
It
is surprising that the story, presumably done
out of Delhi, which is home to several organisations
working on issues of violence against women, including
dowry-related violence, makes no reference to
even someone like Sathyarani Chaddha, once an
"ordinary housewife" whose daughter
was one of the earliest known "dowry death"
victims and who went on to network with similarly
bereaved parents and to ultimately set up an organisation
(Shakti Shalini) providing shelter to women in
distress, especially those harassed for dowry,
in the capital city.
This
is, of course, not the first time 60 Minutes has
featured an ill-informed report on Indian women
there was one a few years ago replete with
the most amazing stereotypes, etc.
The
objection to this story is not about denying or
glossing over the fact that dowry and dowry-related
violence are among the many enormous, serious
problems facing Indian women. It certainly is
not about questioning international media coverage
of such issues. It is a question of standards
in professional practice, the need for informed
reporting, etc.
Ammu
Joseph, Bangalore, India
Amanpour's
recent segment on dowry deaths in India for CBS
illustrates the worst in western journalism. Though
the piece focuses on a serious issue of violence
against women in Indian society, it is presented
without any historical context and without the
voices of feminist leaders and elected officials
who have been addressing the issue for more than
two decades. Amanpour's reporting is simplistic,
sloppy and lazy she has done little to
gather facts or a range of perspectives, to name
sources of some of her facts (e.g., the anonymous
"human rights groups" who allegedly
put dowry-related deaths as high as 25,000).
The
piece is sexist it fails to bring to light
the problem of patriarchal marriage systems that
victimize young women and that reward women (e.g.,
mothers-in-law) for participating. Similarly,
she links dowry deaths to female infanticide and
abortions without examining the larger problems
of women's status or gender roles. She heroizes
two women the college student Nisha and
women's rights leader Ranjana Kumari but
she fails to acknowledge the depth and breadth
of women's groups struggling to change laws and
social practices around dowry.
By
singling out India, a developing nation, for its
abuses to women and not examining the similarities
in developed nations, Amanpour commits the sin
of racist reporting. The piece relies on a stereotype
that developing nations are backward in their
treatment of women. She had a responsibility to
connect the murder of women in India to wider
practices of violence against women in all other
nations, including western nations like United
States, from which she reports. There are so many
possible ways of relating dowry deaths to the
larger global problems of men's violence toward
women that one can only ask if Amanpour is ignorant
or willful in her inattention to these. Is she
aware, for instance, that women organized in local
communities around the world and also into larger
networks beginning in the early 1970s to create
legal remedies, services for victims and a new
analysis of all forms of violence against women?
Much has been accomplished through men and women
working together to change cultural practices
that keep structures of gender oppression in place
everywhere. At the international level, for example,
the United Nations recognized such abuses as fundamental
problems in human rights 10 years ago.
CBS's
program "60 Minutes" is notorious for
its simplistic reporting of serious issues, so
in some respects, the Amanpour segment on dowry
deaths symbolizes a malady embedded in the structure
of this program's production values. Let me put
a gender and economic framework around the situation.
Christiane Amanpour draws much material reward
from her employment as a correspondent in not
one but two global media conglomerates
CBS (now owned by Vivendi of France) and CNN (owned
by AOL Time Warner). These organizations and the
other large telecomm giants (e.g., News Corporation,
Disney, Viacom), which form the backbone of the
global economy, are all owned and controlled by
white powerful men in western nations. They use
their products to maintain gender dominance and
neo-colonial relations. Amanpour is a tool of
this (evil) empire, but certainly one too well-paid
to be concerned.
Dr. Carolyn M. Byerly, USA
I
received an email concerning your comments on
a recent CBS report on
Violence Against Women in India. This was sent
via Global Sisterhood
Network, a feminist website which monitors electronic
and print media
which have a direct impact on the realities of
women's lives.
Thank
you very much for highlighting the bias and continued
mis-representation media journalists employ when
covering stories
concerning violence against women, particularly
stories concerning
women's lives in developing countries. I, for
one, know there have been
feminist organisations in India fighting for women's
rights for over twenty
years (this is an approximation - since I do not
have precise time-lines).
What
angers me is how mainstream media journalists
construct cases of
violence against women. CBS's storyline is a typical
example. The young
woman was described as attractive and young who
was the first woman to
courageously stand up and speak out publicly regarding
womens' rights in
India. One wonders whether CBS would have been
interested if this
woman had not been young, attractive and articulate.
I
believe media/journalistic misrepresentation is
endemic globally. Many mainstream journalists
do not undertake research in order to ascertain
whether there are organizations, both feminist
and non-feminist, which have been working in areas
and locations these journalists are interested
in reporting on. Instead, these journalists construct
a storyline which is simplistic in order to appeal
to mass markets and the general public.
Countering
this, however, are professional feminist media/journalists
who
undertake excellent professional work reporting
on women's rights and
issues. Unfortunately many of these journalists'
reports are not taken up
by mainstream western media. One excellent newsite
on the internet is
womens' ENews. Although this is western based,
the articles are written
by both women and men who actually live in the
countries they are
reporting on and have carried out extensive background
research before
writing authoritative articles.
Once
again, thank you for raising the very important
issue of
misrepresentation.
Jennifer Drew, UK
I
am writing in response to Christiane Amanpour's
recent story on dowry
in India. I want to congratulate 60 Minutes for
raising awareness on this
issue, and for highlighting so many of its inter-connecting
elements and
effects. The story rightly emphasized the terrible
impact of the dowry
epidemic on sex ratios particularly in North.
But the viewer might have got a more balanced
- and less individually-focussed picture if you
had included a little coverage on the hundreds
of women's rights organizations across the country
who have been fighting dowry in increasingly sophisticated
ways for over two decades (rather than just one
activist whose main strategy seems to be boycotting
weddings!). The story also failed to mention the
scores of public protests and campaigns that have
taken place (local news agencies could have given
you impressive footage of these street marches);
or the myriad legislative campaigns that have
been launched for giving women equal inheritance
rights, or myriad other strategies to remove the
economic conditions that promote dowry.
The focus of the story was on the individual heroine,
an appealing media figure. And while we all salute
Nisha Sharma's courage, she's not the only one
to have stood up to this vile practice. I wish
CBS had told the story of Sathyarani Chaddha,
a very traditional middle-class Punjabi woman
whose daughter was one of the earliest known "dowry
death" victims. This experience led Chaddha
to found, along with other similarly bereaved
or affected parents, the first organization to
come out of the dowry harassment syndrome, which
provides a shelter for women in distress in the
capital city.
I
wish the story had shown how much thousands of
people and organizations
across the country have done and continue to do
to fight the dowry system. Without this perspective,
I'm afraid many viewers have concluded that dowry
is yet another example of the barbarism of the
east.
Srilatha Batliwala, Harvard University,
Boston
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